This is the increment operator and is used to increment (add one to) its operand.
The position of the operator in relation to its operand determines whether the increment takes place before or after returning a value.
x = a++;
If it is placed after the operand, then it returns the value before incrementing as in this example which, assuming 'a' to be 5, sets 'x' to 5 and then increments 'a' to 6.
x = ++a;
...whereas, if the operator is placed before the operand, 'a' of the above example will first be incremented to 6, and then the value 6 will be assigned to 'x'.